Articles in Reference Books on Literature, Film, Language, History, and Culture:
“Abidjan (Ivory Coast).” The City and Urban Life. Ed. Jan Rogozinski. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Aboriginal-based Criminal Groups--Indian Posse, Redd Alert, Warriors and Native Syndicate (Canada).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Adams, Jenoyne.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 5-6.
“Adams, John.” Partial Entry. Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 3-4.
“Afghanistan.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006. 3-5.
“Afghanistan and Drama.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“African Nationalists: Leopold Senghor, Negritude.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara,CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Afrocentrism.” The Encyclopedia of Africa and the Americas. Ed. Noelle Morrissette Searcy. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Afrofuturism.” The Encyclopedia of Africa and the Americas. Ed. Noelle Morrissette Searcy. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Ahmad, Rukhsana.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Albanian Mafia (Albania).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Alexander, Meena.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 127-129.
“al-Hakim, Tawfiq.” Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Alperon Crime Organization (Israel),” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Amis, Kingsley.” The Facts on File Encyclopedia of the British Short Story. Ed. Andrew Maunder. New York: Facts on File 2007.
“Anthony, Sterling.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 39.
“Anthropomorphism.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Apple Computers.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Armstrong, William H.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 46-47.
“Arnett, Peter.” The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Arthur, Chester.” Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 52-53.
“Asian-American Drama.” Asian-American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Huping Ling and Allan W. Austin. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Asian Gangs--Cambodian, Hmong, Laotian, Vietnamese, Vietnamese-Chinese (U.S.).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Association for Asian Studies.” Asian-American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Huping Ling and Allan W. Austin. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Astor, John Jacob (1763-1848).” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
“Aswan High Dam.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“At Play in the Fields of the Lord, by Peter Matthiessen.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Azerbaijani Groups (Azerbaijan).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Baker, Nikki.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005.
“Balkan Crime Groups (Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro, former Yugoslavia).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Baltimore and African-American Literature.” The Encyclopedia of African American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 79-81.
“Bandele, Asha.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 86.
“The Barbarians Are Coming, by David Wong Louie.” Encyclopedia of Asian-American Literature. Ed. Seiwoong Oh. New York: Facts on File, 2005.
“Barrax, Gerald W.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 95-96.
“Barrax, Gerald.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 244-245.
“Baikal, Lake.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Baldwin, James.” The Encyclopedia of African-American History. Eds. Leslie Alexander and Walter Rucker. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Being There, by Jerzy Kosinski.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Bell, Marvin.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 255-256.
“Big Circle Boys (Asia).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Bison.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Boeing.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Bohemian Movements: Predecessors to the Beats.” An Encyclopedia of Beat Culture. Ed. William Lawlor. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2004. 19-20.
“Bourjaily, Vance.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 305-307.
“Braun, Wernher.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Brown, Fahamisha Patrica.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 194-195
“Buchanan, James.” Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006.
“Buchanan, Shonda.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 211-212.
“Bush, George W.” Partial Entry. Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006.
“Bush Doctrine.” Encyclopedia of Homeland Security. Ed. Dennis E. Spillman. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Butler, Robert Olen: ‘A Scent of Good Water.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“The Caine Mutiny, by Herman Wouk.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Cajun and Zydeco.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Cambodian American Businesses.” Asian-American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Huping Ling and Allan W. Austin. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Cambodian American Community Organizations.” Asian-American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Huping Ling and Allan W. Austin. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Cambodian Crime Groups (Cambodia).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Campbell, James Edwin.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 233-234.
“Cane Toad.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Carson, Rachel.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Chang Jiang (Yangtze) River.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Chang, Leonard.” Encyclopedia of Asian-American Literature. Ed. Seiwoong Oh. New York: Facts on File, 2007.
“Chernobyl Accident.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Chertoff, Michael.” Encyclopedia of Homeland Security. Ed. Dennis E. Spillman. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Children's Aid Society.” Encyclopedia of Juvenile Violence. Ed. Laura Finley. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007. 35-36.
“Chinatown Gangs (NY--USA).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Chinese American Autobiography.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005.
“Chinese Exclusion Act (1882).” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
“Chinese Organized Crime (Six Great Triads).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Chinese Secret Societies.” Asian-American History and Culture: An Encyclopedia. Eds. Huping Ling and Allan W. Austin. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Chiu, Christina.” Encyclopedia of Asian-American Literature. Ed. Seiwoong Oh. New York: Facts on File, 2007.
“Choukri, Mohamed.” Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Chronology of Events: World War II.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Clark, William.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Clinton, Michelle T.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 295-296.
“Cloudsplitter, by Russell Banks.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Colorado River.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Confessions of Nat Turner, by William Styron.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Congo River and Basin.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Conley, Robert J.” The Encyclopedia of Native American Literature. Eds. Jennifer McClinton Temple and Alan Velie. New York: Facts on File, 2007.
“Cook, Michael.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Cowley, Malcolm.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Criminal Empires.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
"Cuyahoga River, Ohio.” Encyclopedia of the Environment and Society. Ed. Paul Robbins. New York: Sage, 2007.
“Dadie, Bernard.” Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Darden, Christopher.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 389.
“DeBerry, Virginia, and Donna Grant.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 402-403.
“Denver.” An Encyclopedia of Beat Culture. Ed. William Lawlor. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2004. 82-83.
“Dike, Fatima.” Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Dinka.” The Encyclopedia of Africa and the Americas. Ed. Noelle Morrissette Searcy. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Dollar Diplomacy.” Encyclopedia of Homeland Security. Ed. Dennis E. Spillman. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Dominican American Novel.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 602-604.
“Dorr, David F.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 438-439.
“Dorris, Michael.” The Encyclopedia of Native American Literature. Eds. Jennifer McClinton Temple and Alan Velie. New York: Facts on File, 2007.
“Douala (Cameroon).” The City and Urban Life. Ed. Jan Rogozinski. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Dragon Syndicates (Triads, China).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Drake, Edwin.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Dreiser, Theodore.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Drug Lords, Sketch of Columbians, Etc.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Durden, Charles: ‘No Bugles, No Drums.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Earthquakes in America.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“East European-Based Criminal Groups (Eastern Europe).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“East Timor.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006. 161-162.
“Ellis, Erika.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 489-490.
“Ellison, Ralph.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Empire, Italian.” Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. Ed. Thomas Benjamin.New York: Gale/Thomson/Macmillan, 2006.
“Employment.” Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 302-305.
“Enugu (southern Nigeria).” The City and Urban Life. Ed. Jan Rogozinski. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Existentialism.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Fair, Ronald L.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 526-527.
“Fales-Hill, Susan.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 527-528.
“Falun Gong.” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
“The Federated States of Micronesia.” Encyclopedia of Western Colonialism since 1450. Ed. Thomas Benjamin.New York: Gale/Thomson/Macmillan, 2006.
“Fennario, David.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Field of Vision, by Wright Morris.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
"Findley, Timothy." Cyclopedia of World Authors. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 1989. 520-21.
“Folklore and Poetry.” An Encyclopedia of African-American Folklore. Ed. Anand Prahlad. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005.
“Fowles, John.” The Facts on File Encyclopedia of the British Short Story. Ed. Andrew Maunder. New York: Facts on File 2007.
“Frayne, Michael.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Freeman, David.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“French, David.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Friedman, Bruce Jay.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 769-771.
"From the Terrace [by John O'Hara]." Cyclopedia of Literary Characters. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 1990. 552-54.
“Fuk Ching (China).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Fulani (people).” The Encyclopedia of Africa and the Americas. Ed. Noelle Morrissette Searcy. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Fullilove, Eric James.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 593-594.
“Gang Crime (International Street and Prison Gangs).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Gelhorn, Martha.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006. 221-222.
“Ghose, Zulfikar.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 816-818.
“Gibson, Patricia Joann.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 623-624.
“Gilmore, Brian.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 627-628.
“Gilmore, Monique.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 628-629.
“Gold, Herbert.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 845-848.
“Graham, Lorenz.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 650-651.
“Gray, John.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Great Circle Triad (Shanghai).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Green, Carmen.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 663-664.
“Grimes, Terris McMahan.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 670-671.
“Gross, Frank G.: ‘The Young Marine.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Guenther, Dan: ‘China Wind.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Haldeman, Joe: ‘War Year.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Hartley, L.P.” The Facts on File Encyclopedia of the British Short Story. Ed. Andrew Maunder. New York: Facts on File 2007.
“Haskins, James.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 740-741.
“Haynes, David.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 745-747.
“Haywood, Gar Anthony.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 748-749.
“Heard, Nathan.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 750.
“Heinemann, Larry: ‘Paco's Story.’" The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Hellman, Lillian.” The U.S. at War. Ed. Aron Hsaio. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006.
“Hecht, Ben.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 956-958.
“Hemingway, Ernest.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Hemans, Donna.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 750-751.
"Himes, Chester." Cyclopedia of World Authors. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 1989. 723-25.
“Himes, Chester.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“HMO.” The Encyclopedia of American Science. Ed. Russell Lawson. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Ho, Minfong.” Asian-American Literature. Ed. Seiwoong Oh. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“The Holocaust.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Holton, Hugh.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 785-786.
“Home By Christmas Offensive (1950).” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
“Honey in the Horn, by H. L. Davis.” Companion to the American Novel. Ed. Abby Werlock. New York: Facts on File, 2006.
“Hudson-Smith, Linda.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 801-802.
“Hunter, Travis.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 817-819.
“Hutu.” The Encyclopedia of Africa and the Americas. Ed. Noelle Morrissette Searcy. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Ichigo Offensive (1944).” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
"If He Hollers Let Him Go [by Chester Himes]." Cyclopedia of Literary Characters. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 1990. 734-35.
“India-Pakistan, Kasmir Conflict.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006.
“International Monetary Fund.” Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 559-562.
“Irish Famine.” Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 579-580.
“Italian American Stereotypes.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 1106-1107.
“Jackson, Monica.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 834-835.
“Jackson, Sheneska.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 837-838.
“Jamaican Criminal Organizations (Shower Posse, Jamaica).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“James, Darius.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 842-843.
“James, Kelvin Christopher.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 843-844.
“Jefferson, Roland.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 856-857.
“Jefferson, Thomas.” Partial Entry. Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Ed. Mehmet Odekon. New York: Sage/Golson, 2006. 594-595.
“Johnson-Hodge, Margaret.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 889-890.
“Jones, Solomon.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 897.
“Jones-Meadows, Karen.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 897-898.
“The Jonestown Massacre.” Encyclopedia of Postwar America. Ed. James Ciment. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2006.
“Kashmir, Women in and Conflict.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006. 338-339.
“Keaton, Buster.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Keene, John R., Jr.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 915-916.
“Kelley, Norman.” The Encyclopedia of African-American Literature. 5 Vols. Eds. J. David Macey, Jr., and Hans Ostrom. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 916-917.
“Kevorkian, Jack.” Encyclopedia of World History: Volume 9: 1945 to the Present. Ed. Jack Waskey. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Khalil Kharfan Organization (Colombian-Lebanese).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Khan-Din, Ayub.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
“Kong (Ivory Coast).” The City and Urban Life. Ed. Jan Rogozinski. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2007.
“Korea–Comfort Women.” Women and War. Ed. Bernard Cook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2006. 348-349.
“Kubicki, Jan.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 1283-1285.
“Kuratong Balaleng (Philippines).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Kureishi, Hanif.” The Encyclopedia of Modern Drama. Eds. Gabrielle H. Cody and Evert Spinchorn. New York: Columbia U P, 2007.
"Lanark [by Alasdair Gray]." Cyclopedia of Literary Characters. Pasadena, CA: Salem, 1990. 850-51.
“Latin Moon in Manhattan, by Jaime Manrique.” Encyclopedia of Hispanic Literature. Ed. Luz Elena Ramirez. New York: Facts on File, 2007.
“Latino Gangs (U.S.).” Organized Crime: An International Encyclopedia. Ed. Frank Swaney. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
“Lee, Chang-Rae.” Encyclopedia of American Multi-Ethnic Literatures. 5 Vols. Ed. Emmanuel Nelson. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2005. 1325-1327.
“Lend Lease.” A Historical Dictionary of Sino-American Relations. Ed. Yuwu Song. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007.
“Liebling, A.J.” The Encyclopedia of the American Homefront. Ed. Ben Shearer. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2007.
“Lindsay, Vachel.” Encyclopedia of the Home Front: World Wars I and II. Ed. Thad Russell. New York: East River Books; Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2007.
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