Psych 100-04 Lesson 15 2-28-02 Psychological Disorders (2)

  1. Clinical Syndromes (continued)
    1. Somatoform Disorders
      1. Somatization: hisory of diverse physical complaints that appear to be psychological in origin
      2. Conversion: significant loss of physical function (with no apparent organic basis) usually in a single organ system
      3. Hypochondriasis: excessive preoccupation with health concerns and incessant worry about developing physical illnesses
      4. Etiology
        1. Personality
        2. Cognitive
        3. Role Playing
    2. Disassociative Disorders: lose contact with portions of their consciousness or memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity
      1. Amnesia: sudden loss of memory for important personal info too extensive to be forgetting; Fugue: lose memory of entire life along with personal identify
      2. Dissociative identity disorder (DID): two ore more different personalities (multiple personalities)
      3. Etiology
        1. Stress reaction
        2. Abuse in childhood
    3. Mood Disorders:emotional distrubances of varied kinds that disrupt physical, perceptual, social and thought processes
      1. Major depressive disorder: persistent feeling of sadness, despair, loss of interest in previous pleasures
      2. Dysthymic disorder: chronic depression less than major depressive disorder
      3. Bipolar disorder: manic-depressive cycles
      4. Cyclothymic disorder: mild bipolar
      5. Etiology
        1. Genetic basis
        2. Neurochemical factors
          1. Norepinephrine, serotonin
        3. Cognitive factors: learned helplessness, hopelessness.
        4. Interpersonal: depression begets
        5. Stress: can trigger
    4. Schizophenia
      1. Symptoms
        1. Delusions and irrational thought
        2. Deterioration of adaptive behaviors
        3. Hallucinations
        4. Disturbed emotion
      2. Subtypes
        1. Paranoid: dominated by delusions of persecution with delusions of grandeur.
        2. Catatonic: striking motor, rigidity or random motion
        3. Disorganized: severe deterioration
        4. Undifferentiated: none of the above
      3. Positive vs. negative symptoms
        1. Deficits and excesses
        2. Etiology
          1. Emerge in childhood, hard to treat
          2. Genetic vulnerability
          3. Neurochemical dopamine
          4. Structural, enlarged ventricles
          5. Neurodevelopmental, biological cause
          6. Expressed emotion
          7. Stress
    5. Personality Disorders
      1. Diagnostic Problems
      2. Antisocial disorder
      3. Etiology
        1. Unable to follow orders
        2. Exhibits early
  2. Psychological Disorders and the Law
    1. Insanity: legal status that a person cannot be held responsible for this or her quick actions
    2. Involuntary commitment hospitalized against their will….
  3. Culture and Pathology
    1. World wide epidemiologist, treatments
    2. Cultural variability and invariance
    3. Same illness across cultures