A New Rome

I. Church and the Barbarians
    A. Barbarians destroy Roman political state in the West

         1. Sack of Rome 410

         2. Emperor deposed 476
         3. Roman aristocrats become leaders of church

    B. St. Augustine's two cities
          1. No regret for the fall of Rome

    C . Two swords

            1. Barbarian kings and rise of papacy and monasteries

            2. Conversion of Franks under Clovis (r. 485-511)

                   a. German Constantine

            3. Conversion of the Irish and English

            4. Ostrogoths, Lombards and Visigoths were Aryans

II. The Roman Empire Continued  (Byzantine Empire)

      A. Eastern Empire with capital in Constantinople

      B. New sort of empire--theological state

             1. Ideal of one emperor and one faith working together in mutual dependence

             2. Creates strengths and weaknesses for the empire

                    a. Unity

                    b. Division

                            --monophysites and duophysites

                            --iconoclastic controversy (later)

III. Justinian and Theodora (527-565)

      A. Portraits of Justinian and Theodora at St. Vitale

           1. A new Roman glory
           2. Reconquest of Italy
           3. Theodora saves the day against riot and coup
           4. Constantinople rebuilt

     B. Constantinople in its glory

           1. 600,000 people

           2. Great walls, baths, gardens, churches, hippodrome

           3. Hagia Sophia (c. 537)

                 a. Vladimir of Kiev's ambassadors urge conversion to Christianity  (987)

                 b. Christianity and Byzantine art spreads to Russia
            4. Roman law takes final shape: Corpus Juris Civilis