Hundred Years War

I. War between the two greatest monarchies
    A. King Edward III’s motives
         1. Restore English holdings
         2. Control Flanders
         3. Claim to French throne
         4. Chivalric glory

    B. Superior tactics of the English forces
        1. Battle of Crecy  (1346)
              a. footsoldiers and the longbow
        2. The Black Prince and Battle of Poitiers (1356)
        3. Chivalry not dead yet, but dying

II. England wins, wins, wins and then loses.
    A. Henry V (r. 1413-22) and English victory
        1. Victory at Agincourt, 1415
        2. Wins French crown
        3. Dies in 1422, leaving infant son

    B. Joan of Arc (1412-31) and English defeat
        1. Teenage mystic told by saints to save France
        2. French prince gives her leadership of a small force
        3. Victory at Orleans
        4. Crowns prince as King
        5. Burned as a witch by English
        6. Sainted in 1920

III. Death of feudalism and birth of national identity
    A. battles show superiority of infantry over knighthood
        1. guns soon speed this development
    B. national identity in remembrance of Henry V
        1. Agincourt Carol
        2. Shakespeare's version of Henry's speech at Agincourt
    C. Joan and God's championship of France