Chivalry

Rules for the knightly courtier created from three sources:

I.  Culture of combat:  the tournament
    A. as real fighting diminishes, culture of combat finds other means
         1. prove honor and worth
         2. seek advancement, wealth and power 

    B. Rules of the melee
         1. two teams ranging the countryside
         2. starts with joust, and continues on foot
         3. safe zones for rest
         4. take captives for ransom

    C.  Dangers of injury and death
        1. Increasing regulations for safety
        2. Preference for the joust

    D. Tournaments as a stylized display of chivalry
        1. Paintings of a 14th-century French tournament 
        2. spectacle  
        3. sport
            a. comparison of Greek, Roman and medieval sports 
        4. romance
        5. social values

II. The Court seeks to civilize knighthood

A. Code of the warrior: Song of Roland

    B. New virtues and new rules
          1. codes of honor and behavior—“courtesy”
          2. rules for courting --romances (written in dialect, not Latin)
             a. value of marriage
             b. value of patronage of women in the court

3. Example of Lancelot (written in 1177)

a. combines courtly combat and courtly love

III. The church seeks to santify chivalry
    A. church opposition to tournaments and romance ethic
        1. Romance writers attempt to bridge chivalry and church with quest for grail

    B. Church seeks to reshape chivalry through crusades    
  .