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Sample questions from 2001 Final Exam:


Please answer all questions in the spaces provided.


A. Circle the most correct answer for the following multiple choice questions.


1.     T     F     The function of the immune system is to protect the host against foreign organisms, cells and other substances.


2.     Immunoglobins are derived from:.

a.   T cells
b.   macrophages
c.   B cells
d.   lymphokines
e.   natural killer cells

3.     Which of the following is the most commonly used fish in ecotoxicology biomonitoring?

a.   rainbow trout
b.   brook trout
c.   fat head minnow
d.   sunfish
e.   lake trout

4.     Units for expressing blood alcohol content are:

a.   grams per 100 ml
b.   mg per dl
c.   gm %
d.   all of a, b, c
e.   none of a, b, c

5.     Which of the following describes an area of concern for humans with immunosuppression by certain toxicants?

a.   increasing the severity and frequency of certain cancers
b.   altering of host resistance to infection agents or tumor cells
c.   changes in immune function from low doses of PCB's
d.   increases in autoimmune disease
e.   all of the above

6.     Which is the sequence that best describes the progression of a genotoxic carcinogen?

         a.  promotion;    b.  initiation;    c.  cancer;   d.  procarcinogen;   e.  reactive metabolite;   f.  progression of the neoplasm

1.   d, b, e, f, a, c
2.   d, e, b, a, c, f
3.   d, e, b, a, f, c
4.   e, d, b, a, f, c
5.   b, a, d, e, f, c

7.     T     F     Protooncogenes are normal forms of human genes that are often involved in regulation of normal cell replication.


8.     Phytohemaglutten (PHA) is used in immunotoxicology studies because it ____________________.

a.   mimics toxic effect of PCB's and serves as a control
b.   stimulates T cells allowing a measure of immunosupression by toxicants
c.   stimulates B cells allowing a measure of immunosuppression by toxicants
d.   is a potent immunosupressant
e.   none of the above

9.     Problems with the use of a NOAEL have led to the use of ____________________.

a.   NOEL
b.   safety factors
c.   ADI
d.   LADD
e.   BMR

10.     T     F     Risk Assessment as performed by the Federal Government began in the 1970's following the Delaney Act of 1958.


11.     Which of the following is NOT true of aflatoxin

a.   it can be biotransformed to an epoxide
b.   it is produced by a fungus
c.   it is an example of an indirect liver toxicant
d.   it causes fatty liver effects in the liver
e.   all are not true


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